Oscillating valve for internal-combustion engines



Jan. 18, v N. H. AMENT OSCILLATING VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINESFiled Nov. 24, 1925- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inwnior' 72d lifl m n fl ital" l2e g/s.

Jan. 18,1927. 1.614.768

N. H. AMEVNT OSCILLATING VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FiledNov. 24, 1925 2 sheets-Sheet 2 Q n O A 7 x 51 a s ///////////////////gI//////// //II//I////I/b f5 Invenior 72a! Jlflmeni Patented Jan. 18,1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCILLATING VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGTNES.

Application filed November 24, 1925. Serial No. 71,144.

My invention is an oscillating valve for internal combustion engines.

An object of my invention is to utilize a pair of "alves of'the rotarytype, but to oscillate said valves through a portion of a revolution,one of the valves being an inlet and the other an exhaust valve.

A further object of my invention is to operate oscillating valves by thecam shaft and devices of the valve tappet type, and

by means of the shape of the cam to ive a quick opening and shut off tothe va ves With a comparatively slow motion While they are substantiallywide open.

A further feature of my invention is to operate oscillating valvespositioned transversely of the cylinder from an overhead cam shaft,through the medium of the rocker arms and tappet rods.

In my invention I utilize oscillating valves shaped preferably tapering,positioned on opposite sides of the cylinder and preferably having theiraxes transverse of the axis of the cylinder. The valves are oscillatedthrough a partial turn by a cam shaft, the motion. being transferred byrocker arms and tappet rods.

My invention will be more readily understood from the followingdescription and drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a front view of an engine with my oscillating type of valvesinstalled therein.

Fig. 2 is a plan of an engine havin my valve, as if viewed in thedirection oi the arrow 2 of Fig. 1, with part of the cylinder headremoved, exposing portions of the valves.

Fig. 3 is a side view taken inthe direction of the arrow 3 of Figs. 1 or2, showing part of the cylinder head broken away to expose one of thevalves.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2, in the directionof the arrows.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the valve showingthe ball thrust bearing at one end and means to hold the valve in tight.position.

My invention of oscillating valves is illustrated as applied to a singlecylinder engine, but it is obvious that it may be adapted to andutilized with multiple cylinder engines.

In the drawings the engine cylinder is designated generally by thenumeral 1, the

cylinder head being designated by the nuexhaust. These are each formedof a tapered rod 11, having a radial arm 12 attached to the large end,the arm having a radial slot 13. A stem 14 forms a continuation of thesmall end of the rod and has a screw threaded end 15. Each of the valveshas a port 16 extending diametrically thereacross, this port beingelongated in the axial direction of the valve as indicated by thenumeral 17 and being comparatively short in a circumferential directionas indicated by the numeral 18. The valves operate in a tapered bushing19, this latter being snugly fitted in the tapered bearing 20 formed inthe cylinder head.

A washer 21 is fitted over the stem 14 and bears against the end 22 ofthe cylinder head casting. An anti-friction bearing 23 indicated as aball bearing is also fitted on the stem and backs against a nut 24threaded on the end 15 of the stem. A strong compression spring 25 bearsagainst the washer 21 and the anti-friction bearing 23; thus drawing thevalve snugly into the bushing 19 and forming a gas-tight fit. A coverplate 26 forms a covering for the stem and the above devices associatedtherewith, such construction being clearly shown in Fig. 3.

The cam shaft 6 is operated in the usual Way by means of a verticalshaft 27, having a bevel gear 28 in mesh with a bevel gear 29 on the camshaft. The cam shaft is preferably mounted in journal housings 30 atopposite ends of the cylinder and the cams 31 are on the outer end ofthe cam shaft.

Fixed rods 32 and 33 are mounted on the cylinder head in brackets 34,the rod 32 having the rock arm 35 and the rod 33 having the rock arm 36,these rock arms being free to oscillate on the said rods.

Each of the rock shafts has a roller 37 bearing on the cam 31 and afinger 38 adapted to engage the upper end of the tappet rods 10. Theselatter are slidably mounted in boxes 39 at the opposite ends of thecylinder head, the tappet rods having the collar 40 hearing against apin ll andv a strong compression spring 42 normally thrusting the tappetrods upwardly. A transverse pin 43 on the lower end of the rods engagesin the slot 13 of the radial arm 12 integral with the valve rods 11.

The manner of operation of the valve mechanism so far described issubstantially as follows:

The cam shaft will be rotated at half the speed ofthe crank shaft in theusual manner and the cams on the cam shatt't operate the rock shafts insubstantially the same manner as in overhead tappetvalve engines, therock shafts operating the tappet rods 10 to depress these at the properposition of the stroke of the piston. Thus the oscillating valves arepartially rotated on the downward stroke of the pistons to have adownward turn on the side adjacent the cylinder, the speed ofn'iovenient of the valves being dependent on the shape of the cam 31.The cams may have a different shape for the inlet and exhaust if desiredso as to give the proper movement in actuating the valves.

hen the rock arms are thrust upwardly by thesprings 42, the oscillatingvalves are quickly rotated back to their normal closed position wherethey are left at rest until the next operation of the valves.

It will thus be seen that the valve action is very rapid and is notsubject to the jarring action of tappet valves.

The general construction of the cylinder and cylinder head issubstantially as follows:

A main water acket is formed at the upper end of the cylinder encirclingthe same and communicates'with passages 51 and with the upper waterjacket 52 in the top of the head. Stationary passages 53 and 5% are forthe inlet and exhaust gases, being the same for both of the valve.

Aspark plug 54 is mounted in the center of the cylinder over thecombustion chamber The cylinder casting is provided with a laterallyextending base '56, this latter supporting a column 57 in which islocated the vertical shaft 27 for driving the cam shaft. The brackets3t-have caps 58, the latter being bolted through to the cylinder head bybolts 59, thus firmly clamping the rods 32 and 83. I

It will thus be seen that I have developed a simplev motor constructionwith a simplified form of valve, these being of the oscillating type andoperated by readily accessible overhead cam shaft through rock arms andtappet rods. It is obvious that the general construction may be changedto adapt my invention of oscillatory valves to a multicylinder engine,the particular arrangement ofthe tappet valves being changedaccordingly.The arrangement may be made having continuous oscillating valves for allthe cylinders in alinernent or a separate set of valves for each of thecylinders.

Such changes inthe general construction or specific details will bewithin the scope of my invention as set forth in the specification,drawings and claims.

The oiling system for my oscillating valve is constructed substantiallyas follows:

The oil inlet pipes 65 lead to the cylinder head adjacent the large endof the tapered valve and connect toducts 66. in the said head. Ducts 67are formed through the tapered bushing 19 and lead to annular grooves 68on one side of the port 16. Grooves 69 and 70 are formed in the bushingextending longitudinally thereof between the inlet and exhaust gaspassages 53 and 5st and connect with a second annular groove 71 formedat the other end of the port 16. This groove leads to a duct 72 throughthe bushing and a duct 73 through the cylinder head leads to outletpipes 74 from the small end of the tapered valve.

The oiling would preferably be by pressure and this gives a flow of oilspreading over the enlarged; end of the tapered valve, a relativelythick film adjacent the port and having a discharge adjacent the taperedend of the valve.

The arrangement of the inlet and outlet pipes are also such that the oilhas a general downward flow from the inlet duct 66 to the outlet duct73. This oiling system gives a film on the whole of the valve.

Having described my invention, what I claim is: I

1. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder witha cylinderhead, an oscillating inlet and exhaust valve on opposite sides of thecylinder head with their axes transverse to the axis of the cylinder, aradial arm having a radial slot connected to one end of'each valve, acam shaft in the cylinder head, a pair of rock arms, a pair of tappetrods having pins engaging in the said radial slot. said tappet rodsoperatively connecting with the said rock arms.

2. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder with a cylinderhead, an oscillating tapered inlet and exhaust valve on opposite sidesof the cylinder with their axes transverse to the axis of the cylinder,said valvestaperingin opposite directions, radial arms having a radialslot secured to the large ends of each. of the valves,a cam shaft in thecylinder head, a pair of rock arms and a pair of tappet rods having pinsengaging in the said radial slots, said tappet rods being operativelyconnected with said rock arms.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a cylinder head,a cam shaft mounted in the cylinder. head, a pair ofrods above the camshaft and. parallel thereto, a

rock arm mounted on the ends of each of the rods on opposite ends of thecylinder head, a pair of oscillating valves, a tappet connected to eachof the valves and operatively engaging the rock arms.

4. In an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 3, in which thecam shaft is mounted in journals at opposite ends of the cylinder headwith a cam on each end of the rod outside the journals and the said rodsare mounted in brackets at each end of the cylinder head, the rock armsbeing positioned at the end of the cylinder head.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

NAT H. AMENT.

